Pele Towers: Fortified Homes of the Anglo-Scottish Borders

Ruined stone Arnside Tower, a medieval pele tower, standing in open green fields near Arnside, Cumbria, under a clear blue sky.
Arnside Tower, a late medieval pele tower near Arnside in Cumbria, survives as a dramatic, roofless shell overlooking the surrounding farmland.

A pele tower (also spelled peel tower) is a small fortified tower house found mainly in the border counties of northern England and southern Scotland. Built as a form of domestic defence in a region long troubled by raiding and conflict, these compact structures are often little more than a stone keep with thick walls, minimal openings and basic living quarters. Pele towers were a characteristic feature of the medieval border landscape, but largely ceased to be built after the sixteenth century.


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