The Legacy of Poul Kjærholm: A Master of Steel in Furniture Design

Poul Kjærholm (1929 – 1980) was an iconic Danish designer whose innovative approach and masterful use of materials left a lasting impact on modern furniture design. Known for his preference for steel over wood, Kjærholm’s work has been celebrated internationally, securing his place among the greats of Scandinavian design.

Early Life and Education

Born in Østervrå, Denmark, Kjærholm began his journey in design as a cabinetmaker’s apprentice with Gronbech in 1948. His formal education at the Danish School of Arts and Crafts in Copenhagen started in 1952, where he honed his skills and developed a deep appreciation for various materials. Kjærholm’s marriage to architect Hanne Kjærholm in 1953 marked the beginning of a personal and professional partnership that would influence his career.

Innovative Approach to Materials

Kjærholm’s fascination with steel set him apart from his contemporaries, who predominantly used wood. He viewed steel not merely as a structural element but as a material of artistic significance. His statement, “Steel’s constructive potential is not the only thing that interests me; the refraction of light on its surface is an important part of my artistic work,” encapsulates his innovative vision. His early works, such as the PKO plywood series and the PK22 chair, include this approach.

Career Highlights and Contributions

Kjærholm’s collaboration with Ejvind Kold Christiansen, a Danish entrepreneur, was pivotal. Christiansen provided Kjærholm with the creative freedom to produce a wide range of furniture starting in the mid-1950s. His works from this period, including the PK61 coffee table and the PK80 daybed, showcase his minimalist aesthetic and innovative use of materials.

Kjærholm gained international recognition through exhibitions like ‘Formes Scandinaves in Paris. He received prestigious awards such as the Lunning Prize in 1958 and the Grand Prize at the Milan Triennale in 1957 and 1960. His PK24 Chaise Longue, introduced in 1965, is a testament to his mature style. It blended steel and woven cane in a seamless design.

Academic Influence and Later Years

Kjærholm’s academic career began in 1959 as a lecturer at the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts in Copenhagen. He eventually became the director of the Institute for Architecture in 1973 and was promoted to professor in 1976. His influence extended beyond his designs, shaping future generations of designers through his teaching and leadership until he died in 1980.

Enduring Legacy and Designs

Prominent manufacturers like Fritz Hansen have produced Kjærholm’s designs. They are featured in the permanent collections of major museums such as the Museum of Modern Art in New York and the Victoria and Albert Museum in London. His son established Kjærholm Productions in 2004 to continue producing his father’s designs.

Notable Works

• PK25 Chair (1951/52): Crafted from a single sheet of steel with a cover made from a flag halyard.
• PK61 Coffee Table (1955): This table features a minimalist design and a glass, marble, granite, or slate top.
• PK22 Lounge Chair (1956): A well-known design that brought him significant acclaim.
• PK80 Daybed (1957): An iconic piece reflecting his philosophy of uniting the sublime with the necessary.
• PK24 Chaise Longue (1965): Known for its elegant steel and woven cane use.

Conclusion

Poul Kjærholm’s innovative use of steel and commitment to minimalism has cemented his place in the annals of design history. His works continue to inspire and influence contemporary furniture design, demonstrating the timeless appeal of his visionary approach.

Sources

Wikipedia contributors. (2021, March 26). Poul Kjærholm. In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 01:55, April 2, 2021, from https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Poul_Kj%C3%A6rholm&oldid=1014245964

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