Gillows of Lancaster and London: 200 Years of Quality and Design

This article forms part of the Decorative and Applied Arts Encyclopedia, a master reference hub providing a structured overview of design history, materials, movements, and practitioners.

Gillow sofa 1805. This couch, of Classical form with animal legs, is typical of early 19th-century fashionable furniture.

Gillows of Lancaster and London, known formally as Gillow & Co., stands as a monumental name in the history of English furniture making. The firm’s journey, spanning over two centuries, showcases a dedication to quality craftsmanship and innovative design. This blog post delves into the storied legacy of Gillows, tracing its evolution from a local furniture maker to a symbol of English elegance and style.

The Genesis of Gillows (1730–1814)

Founded around 1730 by Robert Gillow, Gillows of Lancaster began as a humble venture in the northwestern English town of Lancaster. Robert Gillow’s expertise in joinery and furniture making, combined with his innovative business acumen, laid the foundation for what would become a prestigious name in furniture. Early on, the firm distinguished itself by making heavy use of mahogany, a wood prized for its durability and rich hue, directly imported from the West Indies. This direct importation allowed Gillows to craft furniture of unparalleled quality, quickly earning the admiration of the English aristocracy.

Mahogany, with beech seat rails, the seat upholstered and covered in horsehair

The Expansion to London and Beyond (1814–1897)

The 19th century saw Gillows expanding beyond Lancaster, establishing a significant presence in London and catering to an elite clientele. Under the stewardship of Leonard Redmayne, Whiteside, and Ferguson, the firm broadened its horizons, venturing into interior design and decoration. Gillows was not just a furniture maker; it was an emblem of sophistication, its creations gracing aristocratic residences, and prestigious public buildings across continents.

The Era of Waring & Gillows (1903–1990)

The merger with Warings of Liverpool in 1903 marked a new chapter for Gillows. As Waring & Gillows, the firm continued its tradition of excellence, though the merger signified a shift in its historical identity. The 20th century brought challenges and transformations, with the company adapting to changing tastes and industrial advancements. Despite these changes, the legacy of Gillows’ craftsmanship and design excellence persisted.

The Legacy and Archives

Today, the legacy of Gillows lives on, not just in the surviving furniture pieces that adorn museums and historical homes but also in the extensive archives that document centuries of craftsmanship. The Gillow archives, a treasure trove of designs, sketches, and records, offer a fascinating glimpse into the meticulous art of furniture making. It’s a testament to a firm that not only shaped English furniture design but also left an indelible mark on the decorative arts.